UNRWA, the United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East, is a UN agency established in 1949 to provide humanitarian assistance and human development services to Palestine refugees in the Middle East. The agency's mandate covers Palestinian refugees displaced by the 1948 war and subsequent conflicts, and their descendants. UNRWA offers services such as education, health care, social services, infrastructure improvement, and emergency relief in its five fields of operation: Gaza, the West Bank (including East Jerusalem), Jordan, Lebanon, and Syria