This is good information. I’m just having a hard time wrapping my head around some of it. Is there a waitlist for experts or something? I feel like if someone says “I need this blood spatter analyzed”, that could be done in a day or two. Also, so many of these cases seem cut and dry. I’m not privy to the details of this person’s murder case, but it seems to have involved a shooting that stemmed from a custody dispute. Assuming that the necessary experts were available immediately to do whatever analysis needs to be done, how does that take 6 months? Is it something that could be addressed by training more SMEs?
It's not so simple.
First of all, we lawyers are handling more than one case at a time. I am in private practice, and in state court I handle only cases in which I am retained. That is, I don't take court appoined cases in state court, but I do in federal court. I try to keep my caseload manageable, but I still have approximately 40 cases that I'm handling right now. Lawyers in the public defender's office probably have more cases at once. And those who make a living relying mainly on court appointed cases likely have over 100 cases at once. (The majority of people charged with serious crimes have court appointed lawyers.) And of course assistant district atorneys are dealing with dozens of cases at once. Within a 6-month period, I might have to go to trial in other cases, have hearings in other cases, prepare for trials and hearings in other cases, spend time in court for administrative matters, prepare briefs for various cases (the process leading up to the filing of an appellate brief can or post-conviction motion can involve hundreds of hours), meet with clients, review all kinds of materials related to cases, travel to different places-- sometimes hours away-- to appear in court, do all the other work that goes into handling cases, and of course take calls from and meet with potential clients so that I can continue to make a living. With everything else that we have to do, it would be extremely difficult to prepare and begin a trial in a murder case (or in cases involving some other very serious felonies) in just six months. There's just too much at stake.
Now, starting at the beginning of a case when a defendant is arrested, I typically don't get the first discovery packet until 3-5 months after the arrest. So my understanding of the state's evidence is fairly limited unitl then. And there's usually additional discovery that comes after that. Now you may think discovery should come faster, but keep a few things in mind. First of all, in cases involving serious crimes such as murder, the police investigation is typically ongoing after the arrest. So after the defendant is arrested there is still a lot more evidence and information being gathered. There are also items being sent off to labs, and due to the volume of items that get sent off to labs, it can be months before those items are analyzed and lab results are returned. Then also keep in mind the detectives investigating the cases are dealing woth dozens of other cases and the assistant DAs handling the cases are also dealing with dozens of other cases. So it takes time for them to organize the discovery so that it is ready to be handed over to the defense. And again, after we receive our first batch of discovery, we usually receive additional discovery over time as the investigation continues or as lab results become available. And these days, cell phone dumps and cellular data add A LOT more to the mix.
Now even if we lived in some amazingly efficient world where we could get all necessary discovery within 30 days, there is still a lot to do after that. Once we get discovery, we have to go through it. Discovery these days can be voluminous with hundreds and often thousands of pages of documents to go through and hundreds hours of media to go through. Keep in mind, we're dealing with multiple cases at once, so we have go through all that stuff in a bunch of different cases. Our own investigations may start before we get discovery, but we need discovery to really dig in with our investigation. The investigations can involve a lot of things, but one big thing is tracking down potential witnesses and then setting up interviewes with them. Tracking them down can take weeks. Once you track them down, they may not be available for interviews until a few weeks later. Sometimes your PI is trying to track down/interview as many as 30-40 potential witnesses. The investigations also involve digging up a bunch of types of information. Sometimes you need to subpoena various items and it can take weeks to get those items. Sometimes subpoenas are challenged and you have to have a hearing on it.
With regard to experts, you first need to consider what types of experts you might need. Then you need to find the expert and either hire the expert or have the expert appointed. The expert will need the relevant discovery. The expert needs time to review the relevant discovery and other necessary materials. Keep in mind the expert also has a number of other cases they are working on, and they won't be able to complete their review and analyses until at least a couple months later. Then you need to schedule time to conference with them. You may have multiple experts in a case. Somestimes the experts will tell you that your client is SOL and they can't offer anything helpful. But when an expert may be helpful and you might want to call them as a witness, you'll need them to provide a report that you have for your review and that you have to hand over to the assistant DA handling the case. It may take another month or two to get that report from the expert. Sometimes, once the assistant DA gets the report, they may bring in an expert to counter your expert's opinion. They have to provide that expert's report. So you might have to wait on that. Once you get that you need to schedule time to go over that with your expert.
Then once ypu trial approaches, you begin trial prep. That entails a lot of things. Among them, organizing exhibits, preparing direct and cross examination, preparing opening statements and at least beginning work on closing arguments, coordinating with witnesses, drafting and filing pretrial motions, preparing arguments for pretrial motions and other issues that you anticipate arising druing trial, researching and organizing case law, etc. For serious felony trials, you typically want to set aside two weeks (if possible) where the main thing you do is focus on trial prep for that case.
And then you start trial. Trial for a serious felony, such as murder, is geneerally going to last at least one week and sometimes as many as four weeks. While you're in trial, you don't really have time to focus on anything else. You're in court all day for trial, and you're working on things related to that trial early in the morning before you go to court and then into the night (and sometimes the wee hours of the morning) after you leave court. So during that time yo don't really get to work on other cases, meaning if every case you have is going to get resolved in six months or less, you're really behind.
That's just some of it in a nutshell. And on top of all that you need time to read and post on message boards.