Reagan Shot, Knight Triumphs: This Date in History

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From the Omaha, Nebraska Evening World-Herald, March 12, 1956

NC Reps. Thurmond Chatham, Charles B. Deane, and Harold D. Cooley refuseed to sign on to the Declaration of Constitutional Principles (the so-called "Southern Manifesto") of 11 Mar. 1956—a document pledging its signers to the use of "every lawful means" to resist what they considered the usurpation of power by the federal judiciary in public school desegregation. (Chatham and Deane lost their bids for renomination in the state Democratic primary May 26. Their failure to sign the manifesto was a major issue used against them.)

In a later comment to his pastor, Deane said: "I do not have to remain in Washington but I do have to live with myself. I shall not sign my name to any document which will make any man anywhere a second-class citizen."



Text of the "Southern Manifesto" is here:
 
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From the Omaha, Nebraska Evening World-Herald, March 12, 1956

NC Reps. Thurmond Chatham, Charles B. Deane, and Harold D. Cooley refuseed to sign on to the Declaration of Constitutional Principles (the so-called "Southern Manifesto") of 11 Mar. 1956—a document pledging its signers to the use of "every lawful means" to resist what they considered the usurpation of power by the federal judiciary in public school desegregation. (Chatham and Deane lost their bids for renomination in the state Democratic primary May 26. Their failure to sign the manifesto was a major issue used against them.)

In a later comment to his pastor, Deane said: "I do not have to remain in Washington but I do have to live with myself. I shall not sign my name to any document which will make any man anywhere a second-class citizen."



Text of the "Southern Manifesto" is here:
The last paragraph of the clipped article states, "Some Southern Senators have stated that if the Democratic National Convention should take a strong stand in favor of integration, a third party movement might arise in the South." WOW! They were completely wrong. Why go to the bother of starting a third party, when one of the existing parties was willing to completely reject its entire history and forfeit any shred of integrity in order to crack the "Solid South?" And just like that the modern Republican Party was born, was freed from the shackles of decency that Abaham Lincoln had imposed on it, and was able to embrace the ethics, morals, tactics, and political strategy of the Klu Klux Klan.

ETA: Sort of a shame for the Republican Party to allow itself to be consumed by the racist wing of the Democratic Party. Entirely unnecessary. If a third party had formed in the South as a result of a split of the Democratic Party, the Republican Party might not have needed to sell its soul to the racist Devil. A split of Southern Democrats between racists and non-racists probably would have resulted in the non-racist Southern Democrats being a third-place party that would have gradually bled into the National Republican Party. I know from first-hand experience, that I prefer the company of non-racist Democrats to racist Democrats. And I am old enough to remember when racist Democrats had not yet fully migrated to the Republican Party. But as the expression goes, "You dance with the one who brought you to the party." So, the Republican Party and white racists are linked together in a "til death do us part" relationship.
 
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I grew up hearing the phrases, “They sent him off to Camp Butner...again.” “He belongs at Camp Butner” or, “Shush, don’t talk crazy like that, you’ll end up at Butner!” were common admonitions. Those remarks might be accompanied by mentions of “Dix Hill,” or if that worldview emanated from the western counties, of “Broughton.” African Americans went off to “Cherry” in Goldsboro. Once upon a time, these places were each associated with mental health in North Carolina. Such human challenges were mystified, often accompanied by ostracism, and generally spoken of insensitively in bygone days.

We all know, or ought to, that mental health care, defined widely, has never been well-understood or implemented. From genius to genuine distress, and everything in-between, successful coping by the state, community, family, and individual remains far from well-orchestrated or developed. We have to hope that progress will come. Medieval attitudes and practices are not that far behind us - nor even completely absent I suspect.

Camp Butner has been a lot of things. It was constructed originally in 1942 in Granville, Person, and Durham Counties as a World War II infantry training center. It was a work camp for German and Italian P.O.W.s during the war. “Today, the grounds house a variety of state and federal facilities including several mental health facilities, multiple correctional institutions, state-owned farms and a National Guard training facility.” A new addition at Butner is The Veterans Life Center — “a residential program for veterans in need of therapy, counseling, educational or life-skill development.”

One semester during my many, many years in college I took a Public Administration course taught by the Warden at the Butner Federal Correctional Institute. My class visited that lock-up and Warden Ingram led the tour. I’m pretty sure that prison wasn’t what people in Chatham were referring to when their quips featured Butner but rather facilities that dealt with substance abuse. To suffer from alcoholism in a dry and evangelically T-Totaling county brought forward many unique situations. Tar Heels laughed at Otis Campbell of Mayberry exactly because he hit so close to home. Such was the code being spoken. Warden Ingram also let us in on some internal Butner Federal code talk. It was over 40 years ago now when I made my pilgrimage so some of this is mildly historic.

It seems that at the penitentiary there were seven units and inmates were arranged in them by type of crime. In very North Carolina fashion each of those units were nicknamed after an Atlantic Coast Conference School (there were only seven in those days - good times!). The designations were clearly carefully thought-out. What I remember about that from the Warden is that the violent and vicious were in Clemson, sexual criminals went to NC State, scam artists were with Wake Forest, those who embezzled from the government were at Virginia, and those who pilfered from private enterprise were Duke. Those who committed unspeakable acts were put in Maryland, and of course drug dealers and moonshiners found their way to Carolina. There’s nothing quite like well-founded regional prison humor.

For more on the history of Mental Health Care in NC go here: Psychiatric Hospitals

#OTD (March 13) in 1937 Major General Henry Wolfe Butner died. The camp was named for him. Read here: Camp Butner’s Namesake, Henry Wolfe Butner


Camp Butner comes back around...
 
#OTD (March 21) in 1949 Freedom Riders (3=2 White, 1 Black) surrendered in Hillsborough NC and were sent to segregated chain gangs. Originally sentenced in ‘47 their cases were appealed-their crime was trying to desegregate buses traveling The South. Black Freedom Rider Bayard Rustin wrote about this ‘Journey of Reconciliation,” inspiring others to act. Read more here: https://www.ncdcr.gov/.../freedom-riders-surrender-in... AND here: https://www.ncpedia.org/journey-reconciliation-1947


This ‘Freedom Ride’ long preceded the network of same-named protests of segregation and violations of the Constitution associated with inter-state transport that were part of the movement from April to December of 1961. See here for more on those ‘Freedom Rides.’
https://www.georgiaencyclopedia.org/.../freedom.../m-10861/.

It was the 1961 effort that was the primary inspiration for the lyrics to Chuck Berry’s song,


“Promised Land.”
I left my home in Norfolk Virginia,
California on my mind.
Straddled that greyhound, rode him past Raleigh,

On across Caroline.
Stopped in Charlotte and bypassed Rock Hill,
And we never was a minute late.
We was ninety miles out of Atlanta by sundown,

Rollin' 'cross the Georgia state.
We had motor trouble it turned into a struggle,
Half way 'cross Alabam,
And that 'hound broke down and left us all stranded

In downtown Birmingham.
Straight off, I bought me a through train ticket,
Ridin' cross Mississippi clean
And I was on that midnight flyer out of Birmingham

Smoking into new orleans.
Somebody help me get out of Louisiana
Just help me get to Houston town.
There's people there who care a little 'bout me
And they won't let the poor boy down.

Sure as you're born, they bought me a silk suit,
Put luggage in my hands,
And I woke up high over Albuquerque
On a jet to the promised land.
Workin' on a t-bone steak a la carte
Flying over to the golden state;

The pilot told me in thirteen minutes
We'd be headin' in the terminal gate.
Swing low sweet chariot, come down easy
Taxi to the terminal zone;

Cut your engines, cool your wings,
And let me make it to the telephone.
Los Angeles give me Norfolk Virginia,
Tidewater four ten o nine
Tell the folks back home this is the promised land callin'
And the poor boy's on the line





https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GrSjuszZOgs



https://www.ncdcr.gov/.../freedom-riders-surrender...
 
#OTD (March 21) in 1949 Freedom Riders (3=2 White, 1 Black) surrendered in Hillsborough NC and were sent to segregated chain gangs. Originally sentenced in ‘47 their cases were appealed-their crime was trying to desegregate buses traveling The South. Black Freedom Rider Bayard Rustin wrote about this ‘Journey of Reconciliation,” inspiring others to act. Read more here: https://www.ncdcr.gov/.../freedom-riders-surrender-in... AND here: https://www.ncpedia.org/journey-reconciliation-1947


This ‘Freedom Ride’ long preceded the network of same-named protests of segregation and violations of the Constitution associated with inter-state transport that were part of the movement from April to December of 1961. See here for more on those ‘Freedom Rides.’
https://www.georgiaencyclopedia.org/.../freedom.../m-10861/.

It was the 1961 effort that was the primary inspiration for the lyrics to Chuck Berry’s song,


“Promised Land.”
I left my home in Norfolk Virginia,
California on my mind.
Straddled that greyhound, rode him past Raleigh,

On across Caroline.
Stopped in Charlotte and bypassed Rock Hill,
And we never was a minute late.
We was ninety miles out of Atlanta by sundown,

Rollin' 'cross the Georgia state.
We had motor trouble it turned into a struggle,
Half way 'cross Alabam,
And that 'hound broke down and left us all stranded

In downtown Birmingham.
Straight off, I bought me a through train ticket,
Ridin' cross Mississippi clean
And I was on that midnight flyer out of Birmingham

Smoking into new orleans.
Somebody help me get out of Louisiana
Just help me get to Houston town.
There's people there who care a little 'bout me
And they won't let the poor boy down.

Sure as you're born, they bought me a silk suit,
Put luggage in my hands,
And I woke up high over Albuquerque
On a jet to the promised land.
Workin' on a t-bone steak a la carte
Flying over to the golden state;

The pilot told me in thirteen minutes
We'd be headin' in the terminal gate.
Swing low sweet chariot, come down easy
Taxi to the terminal zone;

Cut your engines, cool your wings,
And let me make it to the telephone.
Los Angeles give me Norfolk Virginia,
Tidewater four ten o nine
Tell the folks back home this is the promised land callin'
And the poor boy's on the line





https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GrSjuszZOgs



https://www.ncdcr.gov/.../freedom-riders-surrender...
In re: "Promised Land" the song - Promised Land (Chuck Berry song) - Wikipedia
The list of people/groups who covered that song is a real testament to its place in rock history.
 
115 days ago yesterday...remembered, 146 workers trapped inside the top three floors of a clothing factory in Greenwich Village. Young immigrant women were locked inside (they were suspected of having been taking breaks) -- fire escapes collapsed and the fire department's ladders did not reach. Organized labor stirred and the public took note. Some changes were made.

 
115 days ago yesterday...remembered, 146 workers trapped inside the top three floors of a clothing factory in Greenwich Village. Young immigrant women were locked inside (they were suspected of having been taking breaks) -- fire escapes collapsed and the fire department's ladders did not reach. Organized labor stirred and the public took note. Some changes were made.


Forever a tragic scar on NYC.
 
Forever a tragic scar on NYC.
Meant to come back to this but the silver lining for the Triangle Shirtwaist tragedy was that it transformed labor laws and gave rise to unionization in the garment industry.

Sad that it took all those lives lost to move things forward but that’s how it goes in capitalism when industry goes unregulated or lightly regulated.
 
Meant to come back to this but the silver lining for the Triangle Shirtwaist tragedy was that it transformed labor laws and gave rise to unionization in the garment industry.

Sad that it took all those lives lost to move things forward but that’s how it goes in capitalism when industry goes unregulated or lightly regulated.
For sure. I remember learning about it in a HR class in college. Just a horrible tragedy that thankfully got the ball rolling for labor laws and workplace safety.
 
KnightTrump.jpg
#OTD (March 30) in 1981 President Ronald Reagan was shot. Vice President George H.W. Bush immediately headed back to Washington D.C. from Texas by plane. In the meantime, Secretary of State Alexander Haig met with the Press and announced that, “I, Al Haig, am in control at the White House.” Thankfully he was badly mistaken, showing a lack of knowledge of the Constitution, and was never ‘in control.’ Though the 25th Amendment to the Constitution has recently been much discussed, on that day it was not invoked.

UNC was set to play Indiana that evening for the National Championship but until Reagan emerged from surgery in stable condition that day the game was in doubt. White House Press Secretary James Brady was gravely wounded and fully recovered. When the doctors signaled that the president would survive and was not even badly wounded, the game was played. The starters for Carolina were Al Wood, James Worthy, Sam Perkins, Jimmy Black, and Mike Pepper. Matt Doherty, Jimmy Braddock, Chris Brust, Pete Budko, and Eric Kenny also played. Wood was the leading scorer with 18, Perkins grabbed 8 rebounds, and Black dished out 6 assists. Isaiah Thomas had 23 points and 5 assists for Indiana. The Hoosiers won 63-50.

At that point in his 19 year-long head coaching career Dean Smith had yet to win a National Championship. His coaching opponent that night, Bobby Knight had captured a title five years previously, winning in 1976. I have never been a fan of Bobby Knight. I can respect that his players graduated. Something apparently motivated him away from corruption as well. Just the same, the sentiments that he so frankly expressed over the years and the acts that worldview drove him to commit have always been, in the main, extremely repulsive.

So many of his performances over the years were juvenile and mean-spirited. After the conclusion of his coaching career at Texas Tech in 2008 he continued to speak his mind in public venues and in 2016 and 2020 was a vocal backer of Donald Trump. At one point he was the winningest head coach in the college game and passed Coach Smith to reach that milestone. He begat the equally foul-mouthed coach in Durham, Mike Krzyzewski, who currently tallies the most wins on the court.

My apologies if my views on this offend you. I won’t be swayed so do not try. I have heard many suggest that Coach Smith and Knight were friends but I have long searched for evidence and have only found them to have been acquaintances. More recently I have heard of more evidence that they were indeed friends. If true then that is yet another tribute to Coach Smith’s Christian character. To be sure, both men acknowledged one-another’s coaching prowess.

I felt this way about Knight before 1981 by the way, and his behavior in the subsequent 40+ years up to his passing on 11/1/23 only worked to heighten my disgust. If you know me you’ve either heard this or are not surprised. I’ve always kind of wished that contest had been postponed but it was played and UNC lost. I have poured over the sources in search of how the respective locker rooms dealt with that period of uncertainty after the shooting over both Reagan’s survival and, of course, whether the game would be played that evening. I have yet to find any satisfying account - I will keep looking.

I know Coach Smith was a man of faith and right mindset and suspect that any locker room discussion would have reflected that as it also did on the court. An attempted murder of a global leader had happened and as the day progressed that person’s life hung in the balance. Reagan emerged from surgery at 6:20 and despite an earlier dire prognosis he was declared ‘out of danger.’ The game proceeded as scheduled. It was quite a day — and night.

Knight’s Hoosiers won. That Carolina team, minus senior starters Al Wood and Mike Pepper, added a young Wilmingtonian the next year and emerged victorious over Georgetown giving Coach Smith his first National Championship.

ReaganShot.jpg
 
I was in first grade, waiting on the bus at school to head home and the teachers were all huddled around talking about something instead of ordering us around. Turns out, the POTUS was shot. My parents told me at supper.
 
KnightTrump.jpg
#OTD (March 30) in 1981 President Ronald Reagan was shot. Vice President George H.W. Bush immediately headed back to Washington D.C. from Texas by plane. In the meantime, Secretary of State Alexander Haig met with the Press and announced that, “I, Al Haig, am in control at the White House.” Thankfully he was badly mistaken, showing a lack of knowledge of the Constitution, and was never ‘in control.’ Though the 25th Amendment to the Constitution has recently been much discussed, on that day it was not invoked.

UNC was set to play Indiana that evening for the National Championship but until Reagan emerged from surgery in stable condition that day the game was in doubt. White House Press Secretary James Brady was gravely wounded and fully recovered. When the doctors signaled that the president would survive and was not even badly wounded, the game was played. The starters for Carolina were Al Wood, James Worthy, Sam Perkins, Jimmy Black, and Mike Pepper. Matt Doherty, Jimmy Braddock, Chris Brust, Pete Budko, and Eric Kenny also played. Wood was the leading scorer with 18, Perkins grabbed 8 rebounds, and Black dished out 6 assists. Isaiah Thomas had 23 points and 5 assists for Indiana. The Hoosiers won 63-50.

At that point in his 19 year-long head coaching career Dean Smith had yet to win a National Championship. His coaching opponent that night, Bobby Knight had captured a title five years previously, winning in 1976. I have never been a fan of Bobby Knight. I can respect that his players graduated. Something apparently motivated him away from corruption as well. Just the same, the sentiments that he so frankly expressed over the years and the acts that worldview drove him to commit have always been, in the main, extremely repulsive.

So many of his performances over the years were juvenile and mean-spirited. After the conclusion of his coaching career at Texas Tech in 2008 he continued to speak his mind in public venues and in 2016 and 2020 was a vocal backer of Donald Trump. At one point he was the winningest head coach in the college game and passed Coach Smith to reach that milestone. He begat the equally foul-mouthed coach in Durham, Mike Krzyzewski, who currently tallies the most wins on the court.

My apologies if my views on this offend you. I won’t be swayed so do not try. I have heard many suggest that Coach Smith and Knight were friends but I have long searched for evidence and have only found them to have been acquaintances. More recently I have heard of more evidence that they were indeed friends. If true then that is yet another tribute to Coach Smith’s Christian character. To be sure, both men acknowledged one-another’s coaching prowess.

I felt this way about Knight before 1981 by the way, and his behavior in the subsequent 40+ years up to his passing on 11/1/23 only worked to heighten my disgust. If you know me you’ve either heard this or are not surprised. I’ve always kind of wished that contest had been postponed but it was played and UNC lost. I have poured over the sources in search of how the respective locker rooms dealt with that period of uncertainty after the shooting over both Reagan’s survival and, of course, whether the game would be played that evening. I have yet to find any satisfying account - I will keep looking.

I know Coach Smith was a man of faith and right mindset and suspect that any locker room discussion would have reflected that as it also did on the court. An attempted murder of a global leader had happened and as the day progressed that person’s life hung in the balance. Reagan emerged from surgery at 6:20 and despite an earlier dire prognosis he was declared ‘out of danger.’ The game proceeded as scheduled. It was quite a day — and night.

Knight’s Hoosiers won. That Carolina team, minus senior starters Al Wood and Mike Pepper, added a young Wilmingtonian the next year and emerged victorious over Georgetown giving Coach Smith his first National Championship.

ReaganShot.jpg
The thing that always bugged me about reporting on why the game was played despite Reagan being shot was the focus on Reagan's supposed statement either going into or coming out of surgery when he said, "All in all, I'd rather be in Philadelphia." Way too many people interpreted that to mean Reagan was referring to the game between UNC and IU instead of an allusion to the WC Fields quote he often said of his proposed epitaph which was intended as a sarcastic joke, implying that being in Philadelphia was only slightly better than being dead.
 
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