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The Rand Corporation (and others) have done studies on this topic.WWII was more likely to happen precisely because no battles were fought on German soil.
The German populace felt like the German leaders had sold them out and they in fact hadn't been militarily defeated (specifically because the fighting never impacted German home soil). This led to public resentment . It's not that the term of the peace were too harsh (they were extremely harsh), it was that they were so hash that only a country that had it's ass well and truly kicked should have had to accept them. Your average German never saw any evidence that they had their asses kicked and so they resented the peace terms.
Was it a mechanized war?The craziest thing about WWI to me is that in a lot of people’s minds it was in a different era due to it being the first real mechanized war, but it was only 50 years after the Civil War. It was as close to the Civil War as the end of the Vietnam War is to today.
Remember the Lusitania!
This is nearly impossible to forecast because the effects of the war, the following peace decade, the great depression, and the second world war. My view is that the USA should have entered sooner, which would have led to a more hasty resolution to the conflict, however what impact that may have had on the Hungarian and German empires is unknown. What type of defeat would they have experienced? It is conceivable the "Treaty of Versailles" would have been less vengeful and possibly less revanchist - but it's really impossible to know for certain.
However what CAN be theorised is that the war would have dragged on had the USA not entered...which would have been far more costly to Europe and (by extension) the rest of the world. I'm also not sure how you can theorise that without the USA entering WWI - there would be no WWII. You appear to be trying to link the rise of Naziism with the USA's entrance to WWI - which seems like a real stretch.
Wilson dithered a bit and it was costly for everyone involved. Roosevelt basically did the same but he was "rescued" by Japanese hubris. Prior to WWII - the USA had long thought itself "immune" to the comings and goings of European politics, but that was always a foolish viewpoint. We have been interconnected since the first colonies started shipping goods back and forth to Europe.