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This Date in History | Limb Replacement Program

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Missed this one yesterday. On April 4, 1968 MLK, Jr was assassinated. The year before on the same date at Riverside Church in West Harlem he gave a speech/sermon that was historic.

“On 4 April 1967 Martin Luther King, Jr., delivered his seminal speech at Riverside Church condemning the Vietnam War. Declaring ‘my conscience leaves me no other choice,’ King described the war’s deleterious effects on both America’s poor and Vietnamese peasants and insisted that it was morally imperative for the United States to take radical steps to halt the war through nonviolent means (King, “Beyond Vietnam,” 139).”

"Beyond Vietnam"

kinginstitute.stanford.edu kinginstitute.stanford.edu
 
mpaer said:
Brandywine, Yorktown, Saratoga trail, Concord, Bennington.....................No cornwallis lol
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Do they pronounce it the Yankee way or the right way? "conquered" or CON-CORD?

It is after all the opposite of discord and nobody pronounces that "disquered"
 
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#OTD in 1808 Jonathan Lewis was arrested for the murder of Naomi Wise in Randolph Cty. Wise, said to be pretty & innocent had been courted by Lewis, who also promised to marry another. Wise, pregnant, fell to her death into the Deep River-Lewis fled-was caught-tried & exonerated.

The song, ‘Omie Wise’ remembers her & these events. Doc Watson sings it here: More of the story here: https://www.ncdcr.gov/blog/2015/04/08/poor-naomi-wise-sacrificed-to-the-beast-in-man‬
 
#OTD in 1970 Paul McCartney quit The Beatles. My Aunt Irma grew up in #DeepChatham County, NC but migrated into New York/New Jersey after World War II. Subsequently, she became the personal secretary to Mike Shevell, owner of Associated Transport. She was close with the family and often babysat for his daughter, Nancy. In 2011, Shevell and McCartney married. Until she passed on in February 2024 at the age of 102, Nancy Shevell telephoned Aunt Irma at least once a month and wrote many cards and letters to her in Chatham where she had relocated at the age of 80. She, of course, met McCartney too.
 
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#BlackMountainCollege in Western North Carolina (1933-1957) was truly a remarkable place and its influence reverberates globally to this day. Here is yet another example. For instance, look for the influence of Kenneth Noland around you.

#OTD in 1924 the Color Field Abstractionist Kenneth Noland was born in #Asheville. Shapes and Memorable Color Combos marked his work. He studied at nearby #BMC where such Out-Of-The-Box innovators as Joseph Albers, Paul Klee, and Ilya Bolowtowsky were his influences. Growing up in Asheville his mother managed a jazz club and a ‘Citizen-Times’ story related that he saw his youth in #WNC as important in framing his style.

After #BMC Noland was part of a group known as the Washington Color Painters who attempted to “demystify” abstract expressionist art.

Noland passed away in Maine in 2010 and is buried at #Riversidecemeterync in AVL. Read more here: https://www.ncdcr.gov/.../10/kenneth-noland-and-abstract-art
passed away in Maine in 2010 and is buried at #Riversidecemeterync in AVL. Read more here: https://www.ncdcr.gov/.../10/kenneth-noland-and-abstract-art

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On April 11, 1960 Time Magazine’s cover featured Bowman Gray Jr., the Chairman of the Board of R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Company.

The feature story included the following: “To pick its mixtures, Reynolds relies on a tasting panel of 250 employees (from top executives to stenographers) who regularly test its new products. But [Chairman of R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Company, Bowman] Gray ”who began smoking when he was nine” is the man with the golden tongue, gives the final O.K. Says he: “I do believe that if a cigarette appeals to me — I’m a pretty average fella — it might appeal to the population.” This week Gray, who smokes as many as four packs of Winstons a day (with an occasional Salem), was also puffing away at cigarettes from chalky white, unmarked testing packs. Through his mouth and into his windpipe he rolled the smoke with all the sober concentration of a winetaster. In the blank packs were cigarettes being tested as possible additions to half a dozen new brands that Reynolds already has on hand to put on the market when the time is ripe.” ~ Time Magazine, April 11, 1960

From NCPedia.org: “Under Gray's leadership the Reynolds company expanded its sales, produced a number of new brands of tobacco products, and introduced filter-tipped cigarettes. During this time a Reynolds manufacture, Camel cigarettes, was reported to have been the nation's largest selling cigarette. His encouragement of research led to the establishment of a Product Development Center in 1959; the firm also contributed to cancer research. Diversification became a policy of the company under Gray's direction and transportation, food products, and packaging firms were acquired. In one of the most extensive such actions taken by a southern industry, R. J. Reynolds in 1961–62 totally integrated all of its employees. Also during Gray's administration, the company expanded employee benefits in the areas of health care, retirement, education, profit sharing, and other areas.” Gray, Bowman, Jr..

Gray also died on April 11, 1969. His death certificate lists “congestive heart failure” as the cause. He was 62.
 
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North Carolina FIRST IN FREEDOM — April 12, 1776 appears on the NC State Flag (words and numbers on flags have always struck me as somewhat wrong-headed but that is an aside). The "Halifax Resolves" noted below are the reason for that banner placement. Way back in 1975 our license plates began to sport the phrase "First in Freedom" in honor of that resolution and the nation’s impending Bi-Centennial. I have always been a license plate reader — often trying to create words or phrases from the letter sequences as a ‘mind game.’ I remember that when I lived in the Boone area many plates began with the three letters, “BRR.” In my game that became, naturally, Blowing Rock Road! I also remember that in 1975 in protest (since, of course, NC did not freely abolish slavery but clung to it with the other confederate states - the very height of UN -Freedom - but rather had to be forced to end that antithetical institution) some North Carolinians placed Duct Tape over that phrase on their plates. I don't rightly remember how that protest turned out but evidently the "First in Freedom" promoters won the day some forty years later when the option of either “First In Flight” or “First In Freedom” became available.



In reference to our #OnThisDay, the Halifax Resolves have long intrigued me because they seemed so “out of North Carolina character.” After all, we’ve not often been at the forefront of radical moves, instead historically taking a “watch what the other guy does” sort of approach. In regard to Independence, while the Halifax Resolves came early in the deliberations toward breaking with Great Britain, when push came to shove, we were the 12th of the 13 colonies to actually separate. There is even a kind of tentativeness to the Resolves in my opinion as ultimately that agreement only gave North Carolina’s representatives to the Continental Congress permission to agree, it did not order them to do such a thing — Read for yourself and you be the judge: “Resolved, that the delegates for this colony in the Continental Congress be empowered to concur with the delegates of the other Colonies in declaring independency, and forming foreign alliances, reserving to this Colony the sole and exclusive rights of forming a Constitution and laws for this Colony, and of appointing delegates from time to time (under the direction of the general representation thereof), to meet the delegates of the other Colonies for such purposes as shall be hereafter pointed out.” (Go to page 512 of the document itself: https://docsouth.unc.edu/csr/index.html/document/csr10-0250 ).



#OTD (April 12) 1776 The Fourth Provincial Congress of North Carolina unanimously approved a resolution to move for Independence from England. This was the first such intention put to paper. Named for the site of the meeting, this declaration is known as The Halifax Resolves. Halifax Day Celebrates Embrace of Independence

(Apologies - was driving all day yesterday and missed it - day late)
 
Saw Little Feat in Carmichael Auditorium -- they probably sounded better than anyone I ever heard there (the bar was low on the sound there). Here's a link to that show (Little Feat Live at Carmichael Auditorium on 1978-09-17):


I had seen them a few months earlier (April 1, 1978) at Elon College -- a great show there too.


"Lowell George (Little Feat) was born on this date in 1945. He died on June 29, 1979, aged 34.
Lowell George, born April 13, 1945, in Hollywood, California, was a singer, songwriter, and guitarist best known as the frontman of Little Feat. Raised in a show-business family, with a mother who played piano and a father tied to film, he started playing guitar at 11 and joined folk and rock bands in his teens. He briefly played with The Standells and Frank Zappa’s Mothers of Invention in 1968 before forming Little Feat in 1969 with Bill Payne, Roy Estrada, and Richie Hayward. Their debut Little Feat (1971) and albums like Sailin’ Shoes (1972) and Dixie Chicken (1973) featured his slide guitar and songs like "Willin’."
George produced albums for The Grateful Dead and Valerie Carter, and wrote for Linda Ronstadt, who covered "Willin’" in 1974. Little Feat released six albums under his lead, including Feats Don’t Fail Me Now (1974), before he left in 1979 for a solo career, releasing Thanks, I’ll Eat It Here that year. He died of a heart attack on June 29, 1979, at 34." From "All Things Music Plus,"

www.facebook.com

All Things Music Plus

All Things Music Plus. Gefällt 116.214 Mal · 36.418 Personen sprechen darüber. Music / Entertainment Plus+
www.facebook.com www.facebook.com
 
donbosco said:
IMG_8348.jpeg

On April 11, 1960 Time Magazine’s cover featured Bowman Gray Jr., the Chairman of the Board of R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Company.

The feature story included the following: “To pick its mixtures, Reynolds relies on a tasting panel of 250 employees (from top executives to stenographers) who regularly test its new products. But [Chairman of R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Company, Bowman] Gray ”who began smoking when he was nine” is the man with the golden tongue, gives the final O.K. Says he: “I do believe that if a cigarette appeals to me — I’m a pretty average fella — it might appeal to the population.” This week Gray, who smokes as many as four packs of Winstons a day (with an occasional Salem), was also puffing away at cigarettes from chalky white, unmarked testing packs. Through his mouth and into his windpipe he rolled the smoke with all the sober concentration of a winetaster. In the blank packs were cigarettes being tested as possible additions to half a dozen new brands that Reynolds already has on hand to put on the market when the time is ripe.” ~ Time Magazine, April 11, 1960

From NCPedia.org: “Under Gray's leadership the Reynolds company expanded its sales, produced a number of new brands of tobacco products, and introduced filter-tipped cigarettes. During this time a Reynolds manufacture, Camel cigarettes, was reported to have been the nation's largest selling cigarette. His encouragement of research led to the establishment of a Product Development Center in 1959; the firm also contributed to cancer research. Diversification became a policy of the company under Gray's direction and transportation, food products, and packaging firms were acquired. In one of the most extensive such actions taken by a southern industry, R. J. Reynolds in 1961–62 totally integrated all of its employees. Also during Gray's administration, the company expanded employee benefits in the areas of health care, retirement, education, profit sharing, and other areas.” Gray, Bowman, Jr..

Gray also died on April 11, 1969. His death certificate lists “congestive heart failure” as the cause. He was 62.
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Hey!

He only smoked for 53 years and just 4 packs a day!
 
donbosco said:
IMG_8361.jpeg

North Carolina FIRST IN FREEDOM — April 12, 1776 appears on the NC State Flag (words and numbers on flags have always struck me as somewhat wrong-headed but that is an aside). The "Halifax Resolves" noted below are the reason for that banner placement. Way back in 1975 our license plates began to sport the phrase "First in Freedom" in honor of that resolution and the nation’s impending Bi-Centennial. I have always been a license plate reader — often trying to create words or phrases from the letter sequences as a ‘mind game.’ I remember that when I lived in the Boone area many plates began with the three letters, “BRR.” In my game that became, naturally, Blowing Rock Road! I also remember that in 1975 in protest (since, of course, NC did not freely abolish slavery but clung to it with the other confederate states - the very height of UN -Freedom - but rather had to be forced to end that antithetical institution) some North Carolinians placed Duct Tape over that phrase on their plates. I don't rightly remember how that protest turned out but evidently the "First in Freedom" promoters won the day some forty years later when the option of either “First In Flight” or “First In Freedom” became available.



In reference to our #OnThisDay, the Halifax Resolves have long intrigued me because they seemed so “out of North Carolina character.” After all, we’ve not often been at the forefront of radical moves, instead historically taking a “watch what the other guy does” sort of approach. In regard to Independence, while the Halifax Resolves came early in the deliberations toward breaking with Great Britain, when push came to shove, we were the 12th of the 13 colonies to actually separate. There is even a kind of tentativeness to the Resolves in my opinion as ultimately that agreement only gave North Carolina’s representatives to the Continental Congress permission to agree, it did not order them to do such a thing — Read for yourself and you be the judge: “Resolved, that the delegates for this colony in the Continental Congress be empowered to concur with the delegates of the other Colonies in declaring independency, and forming foreign alliances, reserving to this Colony the sole and exclusive rights of forming a Constitution and laws for this Colony, and of appointing delegates from time to time (under the direction of the general representation thereof), to meet the delegates of the other Colonies for such purposes as shall be hereafter pointed out.” (Go to page 512 of the document itself: https://docsouth.unc.edu/csr/index.html/document/csr10-0250 ).



#OTD (April 12) 1776 The Fourth Provincial Congress of North Carolina unanimously approved a resolution to move for Independence from England. This was the first such intention put to paper. Named for the site of the meeting, this declaration is known as The Halifax Resolves. Halifax Day Celebrates Embrace of Independence

(Apologies - was driving all day yesterday and missed it - day late)
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Every time I read the Halifax Resolves; it just makes me mad the NC Flag promotes the myth of the Mecklenburg Declaration of Independence. The Mecklenburg Resolves are dated May 31, 1775 and actually existed on that date. Couple of thoughts:
1) The Mecklenburg Resolves represented an enormous and important step at the time they were written and we as Americans, Tar Heels, and residents of Mecklenburg County should be proud of them.
2) There is no contemporaneous evidence (printed in a newspaper or anything else) of the existence of the Mecklenburg DofI.
3) It is an absolute fact that the text of the Mecklenburg DofI was created years later by young men prompting their octogenarian elders to "remember" something that didn't exist, based on confused memories of the Mecklenburg Resolves and the real Declaration of Independance.
4) There is contemporaneous evidence (printed in the newspaper) of the Mecklenburg Resolves.
5) The spurious Mecklenburg DofI has absolutely no contemporaneous evidence of its existence and is quite obviously a mishmash of recollections of old men that combined the Mecklenburg Resolves and the Declaration of Independence.
6) The date of the spurious Mecklenburg DofI is May 20, 1775, 11 days earlier than the real Mecklenburg Resolves.
7) This 11 day difference matches exactly to the 11 days the calendar lost beginning in 1752 and presumably still in progress in some back-water areas due to the switch from the Julian to the Gregorian Calendar.
8) Promoting the spurious Mecklenburg DofI, has the inevitable effect of diminishing the real and dramatic importance of the Mecklenburg Resolves.
9) If you make up history just to get a better story, then you call into question all history and bring it all into disrepute.

I apologize for the (repeated) tirade about the Mecklenburg DofI and none of it is directed at the OP. I just get mad anytime someone mentions something even tangently related to the Mecklenburg DofI. I once had an arbitration in front of a lawyer who was president of the group in Charlotte that champions the spurious Mecklenburg DofI. It was all I could do to keep my mouth shut and remain courteous. My client prevailed in the mediation.
 
I'm with you...absolutely hate that date is on our flag...in fact I'd rather not have a flag with writing or numerals on it at all...it is backwards half the time. But I also don't believe the Mecklenberg Declaration happened.

Now that the North Carolina Constitution (Which one? 1776, 1868, or 1972 -- all three?) has been added to the REACH ACT/Foundations of American Democracy mandated curriculum I think I'll include this charade as well.
 
I've not read anything that brings Auschwitz home better than Primo Levi's Survival at Auschwitz. Levi was an absolute genius in so many ways.

Here is an excerpt...

www.littlebrown.co.uk

Read an extract from If This Is A Man/The Truce by Primo Levi

[NO-IMAGE] A new edition of Primo Levi’s classic memoir of the Holocaust, with an introduction by David Baddiel, author of Jews Don’t Count ‘With the moral stamina and intellectual poise of …
www.littlebrown.co.uk www.littlebrown.co.uk
 
April 16, 1865

"The Confederate Army abandoned Chapel Hill about 2 PM on 16 April 1865. Cornelia Phillips Spencer’s The Last Ninety Days of the War in North Carolina relates: “A few hours of absolute and Sabbath stillness and silence ensued. The groves stood thick and solemn, the bright sun shining through the great boles and down the grassy slopes, while a pleasant fragrance was wafted from the purple panicles of the Paulownias.”

Toward the end of the day, the Union Army arrived and a delegation led by UNC President David L Swain went out to meet the first Union officer – to discuss the protection of the village and campus. Swain brought to this meeting one of the 17 people he enslaved, a twenty-five year old man named Wilson. But President Swain did not bring home a slave. For at this meeting, the Union officer read them the following words:

“…all persons held as slaves within any State or designated part of a State, the people whereof shall then be in rebellion against the United States, shall be then, thenceforward, and forever free…”

The last slave would not be liberated by the Emancipation Procalamation until 19 June 1865. But emancipation arrived in Chapel Hill nine weeks earlier – on Easter Sunday – the 16th of April 1865.

One hundred and sixty years ago today, Wilson Swain Caldwell became a free man. He would go on to become the first African-American public official in Chapel Hill, the first black landowner in what we now call the Northside neighborhood, the father of NC’s first African American Medical Doctor, and the grandfather, great grandfather and great-great grandfather to hundreds of people who live here today." (H/T to friend Mark Chilton)

Wilson Caldwell (1841-1898) · Slavery and the University · Carolina Story: Virtual Museum of University History
 
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