Aphantasia and the Mind's Eye

sringwal

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This is in no way a political thread, but IMO it's interesting in a "dull men's club" way, and fuck it, I'm posting it here.

I recently learned that I am a life long sufferer of what is known as Aphantasia. This is really fucking with my head, as it explains a great deal about me.

When people with aphantasia close their eyes and imagine something, we simply do not see it. My mind's eye is, essentially, blank.

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Now, for years, I assumed that, when people spoke about their mind's eye, or making a movie when they read, that they were speaking in metaphor, something that my brain is prewired to do because it can't "see." I taught English at the high school level for over two decades, and was good at it, despite the fact that my experience with reading books is different from that of others (or perhaps because of its difference).

When I close my eyes and think of something, this is what I see:
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I dated a girl in college who had an eidetic memory (I have no idea if having hyperphantasia and being eidetic are the same thing). She described skimming a book, taking a test (at UNC) on the material, and being able to see the words on the page that would answer the question. There was no processing of the information. She just gave the answer that was required of her, which she saw and adjusted to not be plagiarism. She also had gotten a 1590 out of 1600 on the SAT and, not surprisingly, could tell you which question she got wrong and why). I really wanted that memory until I understood how much trauma was connected to it. She was unable to let go of anything because all of her memories of everything were so incredibly vivid.

So I knew that that existed, but I assumed that everyone else's "mind's eye" was metaphorical, and not a vast spectrum, or that my mind was as abnormal as hers.

When I read, I've always placed analysis (thematic, symbolism, characterization) over plot, and never really understood why others are so concerned with things like a character's appearance, particularly when transferring from book to screen. When I read a book, I occasionally get tiny snippets of visualization, but what I generally see is just words, words, words. This is, apparently, common of people with aphantasia - who often show a strong ability to analyze in any field, but particularly math, science, and literature), because we don't have internal visual distractions. I also read quickly, and skim through long passages of narration because they are essentially useless to me.

I never really understood their purpose - if we are being honest - but now I understand that, for some people, description greatly impacts how they "see" what they read. Generally, when something like a piece of furniture gets described, I just think if it as being that particular piece of furniture until given a reason to think about it more precisely.

It also explains why memorization was difficult for me growing up. I, and other people with aphantasia tend to struggle with short term memory, particularly on the retrieval end. Throughout most of my life, I worked harder than others, but often found myself failing rote memorization.

I distinctly remember taking a test in 9th grade on Catcher in the Rye where one of the questions was "what color hat was Holden wearing?" I had no idea, because that simply wasn't something that, until then, registered when I read. The teacher was, I believe, just checking to see who had and had not read, but over the years, that moment got me more interested in visual symbolism (it was a red hunting hat, for those that are interested). The idea that anyone would simply be able to visualize Holden, wearing said hat, in their mind - had never occurred to me until recently. I would have needed to deliberately repeated "Holden Caufield wears a red hat" over and over again in my mind in order to memorize that piece of information. That, generally, is how I memorize things.

This is a video of author John Green wearing, and talking about said hat (more on John Green later).



I've also struggled with facial recognition and names for a long time. I even remember thinking, one night in middle school, how it was that we recognized people when we saw them. I wondered, at the time, if it had to do with process of elimination based on who you knew would be where and when, or had to do with the sound of their voice, or some other cues. I quickly decided that, for people that you were familiar with, it was something stronger, but I could never say, exactly, what. Oddly, I'm really great at reading body language, but that has taken decades of deliberate work on my part.

Unsurprisingly, prosopagnosia (face blindness) and aphantasia go hand in hand. When I was introduced to that concept, years ago, it was presented as looking like this:

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I quickly erased that off the chart, because it isn't remotely what I see when I see someone. I believe that I "see" faces as well as anyone else (although I'm uncertain, because as with the mind's eye, I have no idea what I see vs. what someone else does), but I often struggle to be confident that, if I have only met someone a few times, they are the person that I think they are (particularly if they change their hair or appearance). That self doubt has led me to be careful to not use names (which I struggle with even when I "know" someone), and to build several cues that will help ensure that I don't make an ass of myself, or offend someone else.

I really suck at directions because I can't picture routes in my mind. It's easy for me to get lost, even in areas that I am deeply familiar with, and I often find myself taking wrong turns. Thank God for navigation tools.

Aphantasia as a concept was discovered in the late 1800s when Francis Galton conducted a study on mental imagery: Classics in the History of Psychology -- Galton (1880)

The idea sat there, but not much was done with it for the next hundred or so years.

The concept, aphantasia," is then relatively new, despite the fact that apparently at least 1% of the population suffers from it. 2015https://psyche.co/ideas/i-have-no-minds-eye-let-me-try-to-describe-it-for-you

The term didn't come into existence until 2015, although folks are starting to make up time, as there are huge implications for how we process information and communicate with others (man and machine). And, of course, how this influences dementia later in life is critical. I have a weaker autobiographical memory than others because of my condition (which is great, because I can let negative experiences with others go easier than others), but whether I'm more likely to get dementia (because my memory is already pretty shoddy) or less likely (because I make connections differently than others) is unknown at this time.

Recently, I've been researching this shit to high heaven, in part because I left the classroom to be a librarian at my school 3 years ago and then, due to district cuts, moved to the EC department. I've always been fascinated by the relationship between our minds and how we learn (In addition to being an English teacher, I was one hell of a Theory of Knowledge teacher in our school's IB program). Now that I'm working almost primarily with students who struggle in school, my focus on that has only increased (ironically, but not surprisingly, the only other person who I know who also has aphantasia is our E.C. department chair - and I've talked with a number of people in my immediate circle about my condition since then).

Being curious, I decided to look up who else has aphantasia. Ed Catmull, the co-founder of Pixar (and former head of Disney Animation Studios), is one of them, and has employed a number of artists who also have the condition (because he has it, he is "mindful" about hiring artists across the mind's visualization spectrum). Geneticist Craig Venter is another one.

(cont)
 
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As is John Green. This should not surprise me. When I was in the classroom, I used John Green's Crash Course videos a lot, in part because I've always believed that the way his brain works is similar to mine. And his realization that, in his mind, he "visualized" the world differently than others (not at all) came as much of a surprise to him as it did to me.



A deeper dive into his writing about it led to some other noted similarities between him and me:



And it's why he's drawn to writing and literature, as opposed to other mediums:


More on John Green's experiences with aphantasia here: John Green Aphantasia Discovery: Shining A Light On The Mind's Eye

Writer Lynne Kelly, who literally has written books about memorization techniques, also, it so happens, has aphantasia.

"When I wrote Memory Craft, I didn’t know that I was imagining things any differently from others. It was a huge shock when I discovered that there was such a thing as aphantasia and that most of you don’t have it. When I talk about creating ‘vivid images’, as I do so often in the book, I didn’t mean real images that you can see. I meant metaphorical images: concepts, stories, ideas. I do get vague constructed images somewhere behind my head ( this makes sense to me!) but they are veiled, lack colour and certainly have no definition." Aphantasia & memory

I figured this would be as good a place as any to talk about it. I hope this passes Super's "interesting topic" test, but - even if it doesn't - maybe someone else will find it interesting. Maybe there is someone else who will think "fuck, I have that to." Who knows.

Edited to add: This is an excellent video by John Green, on aphantasia:

 
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This is a very good place to discuss this,,,It is great that you have discovered this
And being an EC teacher-well lets just say we need more-kudos to you.
I had a career in a field where work was centered in part on reading pages of job descriptions and analyst notes. I had friend/mentor who had an eidetic memory. He could just sit in his chair and "go through the files"-while the rest of us literally had to "dig physically through files"
 
A friend of mine told me that they had aphantasia as well. I had never heard of the phenomenon so I researched it a little. It is a fascinating reminder that everyone approaches the world differently.
May I ask what specifically stood out about what you learned? I’m curious to see how someone who doesn’t experience it understands the condition, based on their own experiences with their mind’s eye.
 
May I ask what specifically stood out about what you learned? I’m curious to see how someone who doesn’t experience it understands the condition, based on their own experiences with their mind’s eye.
Well it actually came up in a discussion about why they took so long to determine what to do in Dungeons & Dragons. I'm a long time GM and I wanted to figure out what the issue was.

What I discovered was that in order to provide clarity that other players had by virtue of being able to imagine a scene, I had to be able to describe more particularly or utilize maps and models more, so that they had a better visual representation of what I was trying to achieve.

I also started utilizing descriptions about emotions and feelings and reactions more than visual cues. They seem to be able to understand that a lot more easily.
 
This is a very good place to discuss this,,,It is great that you have discovered this
And being an EC teacher-well lets just say we need more-kudos to you.
I had a career in a field where work was centered in part on reading pages of job descriptions and analyst notes. I had friend/mentor who had an eidetic memory. He could just sit in his chair and "go through the files"-while the rest of us literally had to "dig physically through files"
Yeah - I have had a number of learning disabilities that I have had to overcome in my own life, but aphantasia seems to be the core condition (I assumed for a long time that autism was). I think they make me a better teacher, but now I am also really wondering how my own limitations helped, and hurt, the way I teach not only literature, but also the act of reading, itself.

I am certain, however, that I do not want an eidetic memory. My post fire (multiple experiences) PTSD was bad enough as it was. It would have been much worse without aphantasia.
 
Well it actually came up in a discussion about why they took so long to determine what to do in Dungeons & Dragons. I'm a long time GM and I wanted to figure out what the issue was.

What I discovered was that in order to provide clarity that other players had by virtue of being able to imagine a scene, I had to be able to describe more particularly or utilize maps and models more, so that they had a better visual representation of what I was trying to achieve.

I also started utilizing descriptions about emotions and feelings and reactions more than visual cues. They seem to be able to understand that a lot more easily.
And now I am extremely interested. I have been thinking a lot about how my aphantasia influences my D&D gameplay. I really struggle with fully immersing myself in a character.
 
When people with aphantasia close their eyes and imagine something, we simply do not see it. My mind's eye is, essentially, blank.
I haven't read the whole thread yet, but you'd think that people with aphantasia wouldn't dream visually either. I've never heard of aphantasia, but when I did the apple test, I saw nothing. But I do dream visually...
 
I haven't read the whole thread yet, but you'd think that people with aphantasia wouldn't dream visually either. I've never heard of aphantasia, but when I did the apple test, I saw nothing. But I do dream visually...
I am also a visual dreamer. John Green is not. It apparently varies.
 
My friend does not have the same issue in character immersion. I might ask them how they go about doing that. Perhaps they would have some insight that would help you.
 
Interesting topic sringwal. My son plays D1 Golf. For much of his junior golf career we would talk about the mental side of the game and how it had to be practiced just as much as the ball striking / putting / etc. My son said he can't visualize the ball going into the hole before he putts. Said he isn't capable of it, doesn't understand it, and can't grasp the concept. I wonder if that is related to aphantasia?
 
What is a GM and how long have you been involved in D&D
A GM is a game master. They are the person responsible for creating and filling the world in which and with which the players interact to tell their story.

I have been involved in Dungeons & Dragons since I was about 12, so 30 years give or take.
 
Interesting topic sringwal. My son plays D1 Golf. For much of his junior golf career we would talk about the mental side of the game and how it had to be practiced just as much as the ball striking / putting / etc. My son said he can't visualize the ball going into the hole before he putts. Said he isn't capable of it, doesn't understand it, and can't grasp the concept. I wonder if that is related to aphantasia?
It would not surprise me.
 
A GM is a game master. They are the person responsible for creating and filling the world in which and with which the players interact to tell their story.

I have been involved in Dungeons & Dragons since I was about 12, so 30 years give or take.
Has the way the game is played today (logistics, socially, technologically) changed significantly in the last 20 yrs.
 
This is fascinating, something I never knew. Thanks for bringing it up.

I wonder if people with aphantasia prefer factual/informative type reading while those with hyperphantasia like descriptive fiction/fantasy etc.
 
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Has the way the game is played today (logistics, socially, technologically) changed significantly in the last 20 yrs.
My God, yes. And for the better, largely.

Technologically, advances in 3D printing have allowed for an explosion in tabletop miniatures for characters and enemies. The proliferation of flat screen TVs and virtual table tops (software which allows you to create maps of terrain) means I no longer need to spend hours drawing maps (poorly) on grid paper. VTTs have also meant that people can play online, which was a real mental health lifesaver during the pandemic.

New gaming systems (because I use Dungeons and Dragons as a catch all term that most people are vaguely familiar with) have expanded not just the worlds in which people can interact but also the ways in which they can interact with those worlds. Some games are almost collaborative storytelling experiences, others are closer to tabletop war game simulators. They also draw new and different people to the table - I've played with doctors, engineers, attorneys, baristas, bartenders, teachers, musicians, therapists, you name it. What had previously been very niche and a gatekeeping community has grown wonderfully.
 
My God, yes. And for the better, largely.

Technologically, advances in 3D printing have allowed for an explosion in tabletop miniatures for characters and enemies. The proliferation of flat screen TVs and virtual table tops (software which allows you to create maps of terrain) means I no longer need to spend hours drawing maps (poorly) on grid paper. VTTs have also meant that people can play online, which was a real mental health lifesaver during the pandemic.

New gaming systems (because I use Dungeons and Dragons as a catch all term that most people are vaguely familiar with) have expanded not just the worlds in which people can interact but also the ways in which they can interact with those worlds. Some games are almost collaborative storytelling experiences, others are closer to tabletop war game simulators. They also draw new and different people to the table - I've played with doctors, engineers, attorneys, baristas, bartenders, teachers, musicians, therapists, you name it. What had previously been very niche and a gatekeeping community has grown wonderfully.
Does it relate in any way to the characteristics needed to be a high level bridge player? Is it more online now or do people still congregate in groups to play?
 
Does it relate in any way to the characteristics needed to be a high level bridge player? Is it more online now or do people still congregate in groups to play?
I'd say that system mastery and the ability to play well with partners would translate. I can't speak to the wider gaming world, but while I find online gaming can be enjoyable, in person is massively moreso.
 
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