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A Trade War Puts Pressure on the Federal Reserve
Lowering interest rates to soften the negative shock risks embedding higher inflation into the economy.
“… Mr. Trump’s aggressive tariff policies pose another serious risk: The weaker economic activity, higher unemployment and likely increased prices that will result run counter to the Federal Reserve’s dual mandate of 2% inflation and maximum employment. This will strain the Fed’s monetary policy, pressuring it to make short-run decisions that may compound the longer-run costs of the tariffs.
… But lowering interest rates to mitigate the short-run economic effects of Mr. Trump’s tariffs could boost inflationary expectations and embed higher inflation in the economy. It could also embolden the Trump team to impose more tariffs, further harming economic performance. This would produce stagflation. Monetary ease is incapable of offsetting the economic inefficiencies and distortions created by the tariffs.
… Chairman Jerome Powell has properly emphasized that the Fed will remain independent while determining monetary policy. Congress—in particular, the Senate Banking Committee and House Financial Services Committee—must support the Fed at this critical juncture. All Americans benefit from an independent central bank that pursues stable, low inflation as the foundation of healthy economic growth. The Fed must now be guided by the lessons of history.”